TY - BOOK AU - Lewis,Sharon M. AU - Heitkemper,Margaret M. AU - Dirksen,Shannon R. TI - Medical-surgical nursing: assessment and management of clinical problems SN - 0323010482 AV - RT41 .L49 2000 PY - 2000/// CY - St Louis,MO PB - Mosby KW - Nursing Assessment KW - Perioperative Nursing KW - Nursing Care N1 - Includes Bibliographical references and Index; SECTION 1 GENERAL CONCEPTS OF NURSING PRACTICE Applying Critical Thinking to the Nursing Process 3 (13) Assessment Phase 6 (1) Diagnosis Phase 6 (1) Planning Phase 7 (2) Implementation Phase 9 (1) Evaluation Phase 9 (7) Community-Based Nursing and Home Health Care 16 (13) Changing Health Care System 16 (1) Continuum of Patient Care 17 (12) Adult Development 29 (14) Conceptual Approaches to Adult Development 31 (2) Psychodynamic Issues of Adulthood 33 (3) Social Processes in Adulthood 36 (2) Physiologic Processes in Adulthood 38 (5) Gerontologic Considerations 43 (23) Attitudes Toward Aging 44 (1) Age-Related Physiologic Changes 44 (6) Ethnicity and Aging 50 (1) Nursing Process and the Older Adult 51 (1) Teaching Older Adults 52 (1) Health Promotion and Screening 52 (1) Chronic Illness 53 (1) Geriatric Rehabilitation 54 (1) Hospitalization and Acute Illness 54 (4) Social Support and the Older Adult 58 (2) Care Alternatives for Older Adults 60 (2) Legal and Ethical Issues 62 (4) Health History and Physical Examination 66 (13) Interviewing Considerations 66 (10) Problem Identification and Nursing Diagnoses 76 (3) Patient Teaching 79 (13) Role of Patient Teaching 79 (1) Education Process 79 (13) Nursing Management: Stress 92 (15) Theories of Stress 92 (1) Stress as a Response 92 (2) Stress as a Stimulus 94 (1) Stress as a Transaction 95 (1) Physiologic Response to Stress 96 (4) Identifying Stressors or Demands 100 (1) Coping 101 (6) Complementary and Alternative Therapies 107 (19) Biobehavioral Therapies 110 (6) Manual Healing Therapies 116 (2) Traditional and Ethnomedicine Therapies 118 (1) Herbal Therapies 119 (7) Nursing Management: Pain 126 (29) Definitions of Pain 126 (1) Dimensions of Pain 127 (5) Etiology and Type of Pain 132 (2) Assessment of Pain 134 (3) Drug Therapy for Pain 137 Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Pain a145 Nursing Management: Substance Abuse and Dependence 155 (34) Stimulants 157 (7) Depressants 164 (7) Hallucinogens 171 (11) Special Populations with Substance Abuse Problems 182 (1) Chemical Dependence in Nurses 182 (7) SECTION 2 PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF DISEASE Nursing Management: Inflammation and Infection 189 (23) Cell Injury 189 (1) Defense Against Injury 190 (6) Healing Process 196 (16) Nursing Management: Altered Immune Responses 212 (29) Normal Immune Response 212 (6) Altered Immune Response 218 (6) Allergic Disorders 224 (5) Autoimmune Phenomena 229 (4) Immunodeficiency Disorders 233 (1) Immune-Related Diseases 234 (2) New Technologies in Immunology 236 (5) Nursing Management: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection 241 (28) Transmission of HIV 241 (2) Pathophysiology 243 (1) Clinical Manifestations and Complications 244 (3) Diagnostic Studies 247 (2) Collaborative Care 249 (20) Nursing Management: Cancer 269 (54) Biology of Cancer 270 (8) Classification of Cancer 278 (1) Prevention and Detection of Cancer 279 (4) Collaborative Care 283 (33) Complications Resulting from Cancer 316 (2) Psychologic Support 318 (5) Nursing Management: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances 323 (32) Homeostasis 323 (7) Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances 330 (1) Sodium and Volume Imbalances 330 (5) Potassium Imbalances 335 (3) Calcium Imbalances 338 (2) Phosphate Imbalances 340 (1) Magnesium Imbalances 341 (1) Protein Imbalances 342 (1) Acid-Base Imbalances 342 (4) Assessment of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances 346 (9) SECTION 3 THE SURGICAL EXPERIENCE Nursing Management: Preoperative Patient 355 (20) Surgical Settings 355 (1) Psychosocial Reactions to Surgery 356 (1) Patient Interview 356 (1) Assessment of the Preoperative Patient 357 (18) Nursing Management: Patient During Surgery 375 (15) Physical Environment 375 (1) Surgical Team 376 (6) Classification of Anesthesia 382 (8) Nursing Management: Postoperative Patient 390 (27) Postoperative Care in the Postanesthesia Care Unit 390 (1) Postanesthesia Care Unit Admission 390 (9) Surgical Care of the Patient in the Postanesthesia Care Unit 399 (1) Discharge from the Postanesthesia Care Unit 399 (1) Care of the Postoperative Patient on the Clinical Unit 400 (17) SECTION 4 PROBLEMS RELATED TO ALTERED SENSORY INPUT Nursing Assessment: Visual and Auditory Systems 417 (25) Structures and Functions: Visual System 417 (4) Assessment: Visual System 421 (9) Diagnostic Studies: Visual System 430 (1) Structures and Functions: Auditory System 431 (2) Assessment: Auditory System 433 (3) Diagnostic Studies: Auditory System 436 (6) Nursing Management: Visual and Auditory Problems 442 (40) Correctable Refractive Errors 443 (6) Eye Trauma 449 (1) Extraocular Disorders 449 (4) Intraocular Disorders 453 (5) Retinal Detachment 458 (3) Age-Related Macular Degeneration 461 (1) Glaucoma 461 (8) External Ear and Canal 469 (2) Middle Ear and Mastoid 471 (3) Inner Ear Problems 474 (2) Hearing Impairment and Deafness 476 (6) Nursing Assessment: Integumentary System 482 (11) Structures and Functions: Skin and Appendages 482 (3) Assessment: Integumentary System 485 (6) Diagnostic Studies: Integumentary System 491 (2) Nursing Management: Integumentary Problems 493 (30) Disorders of the Integumentary System 502 (8) Dermatologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases 510 (1) Plastic Surgery 510 (6) Pressure Ulcers 516 (7) Nursing Management: Patient with Burns 523 (30) Types of Burn Injury 523 (3) Classification of Burn Injury 526 (2) Phases of Burn Management 528 (19) Emotional Needs of the Patient and Family 547 (1) Special Needs of the Nursing Staff 548 (5) SECTION 5 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: VENTILATION Nursing Assessment: Respiratory System 553 (26) Structures and Functions: Respiratory System 553 (8) Assessment: Respiratory System 561 (8) Diagnostic Studies: Respiratory System 569 (10) Nursing Management: Upper Respiratory Problems 579 (32) Structural and Traumatic Disorders of the Nose 579 (3) Inflammation and Infection of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses 582 (6) Obstruction of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses 588 (1) Problems Related to the Pharynx 588 (4) Problems Related to the Trachea and Larynx 592 (1) Tracheostomy 592 (8) Cancer of the Head and Neck 600 (11) Nursing Management: Lower Respiratory Problems 611 (49) Acute Bronchitis 611 (1) Pneumonia 612 (11) Tuberculosis 623 (10) Lung Cancer 633 (10) Chest Trauma and Thoracic Injuries 643 (5) Chest Surgery 648 (4) Restrictive Respiratory Disorders 652 (3) Vascular Lung Disorders 655 (2) Lung Transplantation 657 (3) Nursing Management: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases 660 (59) Asthma 660 (1) Triggers of Asthma Attacks 660 (2) Pathophysiology 662 (1) Clinical Manifestations 663 (1) Classification of Asthma 664 (1) Complications 664 (1) Diagnostic Studies 665 (1) Collaborative Care 666 (16) Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis 682 (1) Etiology 682 (1) Pathophysiology 683 (2) Clinical Manifestations 685 (1) Complications 686 (2) Diagnostic Studies 688 (1) Collaborative Care 688 (22) Cystic Fibrosis 710 (1) Etiology and Pathophysiology 711 (1) Clinical Manifestations 711 (1) Complications 712 (1) Diagnostic Studies 712 (1) Collaborative Care 712 (7) SECTION 6 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: TRANSPORT Nursing Assessment: Hematologic System 719 (17) Structures and Functions: Hematologic System 719 (6) Assessment: Hematologic System 725 (3) Diagnostic Studies: Hematologic System 728 (8) Nursing Management: Hematologic Problems 736 (57) Anemia Caused by Decreased Erythrocyte Production 739 (8) Anemia Caused by Blood Loss 747 (1) Anemia Caused by Increased Erythrocyte Destruction 748 (5) Polycythemia 753 (1) Problems of Hemostasis 754 (12) Neutropenia 766 (2) Myelodysplastic Syndrome 768 (2) Leukemia 770 (7) Lymphomas 777 (3) Malignancies of Plasma Cells 780 (2) Disorders of the Spleen 782 (1) Blood Component Therapy 782 (11) SECTION 7 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: PERFUSION Nursing Assessment: Cardiovacular System 793 (24) Structures and Functions: Cardiovascular System 793 (5) Assessment: Cardiovascular System 798 (7) Diagnostic Studies: Cardiovascular System 805 (12) Nursing Management: Hypertension 817 (24) Normal Regulation of Blood Pressure 817 (2) Hypertension 819 (1) Definition 819 (1) Significance 819 (1) Classification of Hypertension 820 (1) Pathophysiology of Primary Hypertension 820 (2) Clinical Manifestations 822 (1) Complications 822 (2) Diagnostic Studies 824 (1) Collaborative Care 824 (13) Hypertensive Crisis 837 (4) Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease 841 (46) Angina Pectoris 849 (12) Myocardial Infarction 861 (20) Sudden Cardiac Death 881 (1) Women and Coronary Artery Disease 882 (5) Nursing Management: Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiac Surgery 887 (31) Congestive Heart Failure 887 (16) Cardiomyopathy 903 (1) Dilated Cardiomyopathy 903 (3) Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 906 (1) Restrictive Cardiomyopathy 907 (1) ``Crack'' Heart 907 (1) Cardiac Surgery 907 (11) Nursing Management: Arrhythmias 918 (29) Evaluation of Arrhythmias 923 (1) Types of Arrhythmias 924 (10) Antiarrhytmic Drugs 934 (1) Defibrillation 934 (2) Pacemakers 936 (2) Catheter Ablation Therapy 938 (1) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 939 (1) Basic Cardiac Life Support 939 (4) Advanced Cardiac Life Support 943 (4) Nursing Management: Inflammatory and Valvular Heart Diseases 947 (31) Inflammatory Disorders of the Heart 947 (1) Infective Endocarditis 947 (7) Acute Pericarditis 954 (4) Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis 958 (1) Myocarditis 958 (1) Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease 959 (5) Valvular Heart Disease 964 (1) Mitral Stenosis 965 (2) Mitral Regurgitation 967 (1) Mitral Valve Prolapse 967 (1) Aortic Stenosis 968 (1) Aortic Regurgitation 968 (10) Nursing Management: Vascular Disorders 978 (35) Disorders of the Aorta 978 (1) Aneurysms 978 (7) Aortic Dissection 985 (1) Acute Arterial Occlusive Disorders 986 (1) Chronic Arterial Occlusive Disease 987 (8) Disorders of the Veins 995 (1) Thrombophlebitis 995 (7) Varicose Veins 1002 (2) Venous Stasis Ulcers 1004 (1) Pulmonary Embolism 1005 (8) SECTION 8 PROBLEMS OF INGESTION, DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, AND ELIMINATION Nursing Assessment: Gastrointestinal System 1013 (25) Structures and Functions: Gastrointestinal System 1013 (7) Assessment: Gastrointestinal System 1020 (8) Diagnostic Studies: Gastrointestinal System 1028 (10) Nursing Management: Nutritional Problems 1038 (42) Normal Nutrition 1038 (2) Nutritional Needs 1040 (2) Vitamin Imbalances 1042 (2) Eating Disorders 1044 (2) Malnutrition 1046 (7) ER -